Female Spies in the Civil War

Female Spies in the Civil War

Most of the stories that we hear about from the Civil War are stories from men...the politicians whose decisions led to the war and guided its course, the generals and officers who tactical strategies determined the outcomes of various battles, and the soldiers on both sides who fought in those battles. But women (white and Black) played a pivotal role in the Civil War as well, whether on the homefront, as nurses, disguised as men to fight as soldiers, or as spies gathering intelligence. In this lesson, students will explore the often overlooked role of Black and white female spies during the Civil War through examination of primary sources and by researching a specific spy who operated during the War.

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Essential Questions: 
What role did espionage play in the American Civil War?
How did Black and white women participate in the war?
What gender roles were women expected to conform to in the 1860s?
How did spying contradict those roles, and how did assumptions about women potentially make them more effective spies?